 John Lackland, King of England, son of Henry II (Curt Mantel), King of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine.Born 24 Dec 1167 Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, died 18 Oct 1216 Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire, England, bur. Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, Worcestershire, England KINSHIP: 5th and youngest son. KINSHIP: Brother and heir of Richard I, King of England. MILITARY: At first John was successful in defending his French lands; later he lost Normandy, Anjou, Maine, and Touraine to the French king, 1204; John conducted another campaign in France, and suffered a disastrous defeat at the battle of Bouvines on the river Margne, 1214. CHURCH: Refused to accept Pope Innocent III's nomination of Stephen LANGTON as Archbishop of Canterbury, 1205; this led the Pope to impose an interdict on England in 1208, suspending all religious services, and excommunicating King John. After five years of amassing the revenues of vacant or appropriated sees and abbeys, John agreed to became a vassal to the Pope for an annual tribute of one thousand marks, with absolution from excommunication and the lifting of the interdict, 1213. TITLES: Styled Count of Mortain at the Coronation of Richard I. TITLES: (Jure uxoris) Earl of Gloucester; granted the earldom of Gloucester by his brother, King Richard 1, 1195. TITLES: Having received from his brother, Richard I, in 1189, the county of Cornwall, he is held by some to have become the "Earl of Cornwall", but there is no evidence, as yet, that he ever bore that title. TITLES: Succeeded brother Richard I, King of England, in 1199, as King of England, crowned 27 May 1199, reigned 1199-1216. TITLES: Merge> Upon his succession as King of England, in 1199, all his honors merged in the Crown. PROPERTY: His father, King Henry II, granted him the castle and honour of Marlborough, 1189. PROPERTY: His father, King Henry II, granted him the castle and honour of Ludgershall, 1189. PROPERTY: His father, King Henry II, granted him the castle and honour of Lancaster, 1189. PROPERTY: His father, King Henry II, granted him the castle and honour of Bolsover, 1189. PROPERTY: His father, King Henry II, granted him the castle and honour of the Peak, 1189. PROPERTY: His father, King Henry II, granted him the town of Nottingham {Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, England}, 1189. PROPERTY: His father, King Henry II, granted him the honour of Tickhill, 1189. PROPERTY: His father, King Henry II, granted him the honour of Wallingford, 1189. PROPERTY: His father, King Henry II, granted him the county of Derby {, Derbyshire, England}, 1189. PROPERTY: His father, King Henry II, granted him the honour of Peverel, 1189. PROPERTY: Granted the county of Dorset {, Dorset, England}, with all rights of jurisdiction, by the end of 1189. PROPERTY: Granted the county of Somerset {, Somerset, England}, with all rights of jurisdiction, by the end of 1189. PROPERTY: Granted the county of Devon {, Devon, England}, with all rights of jurisdiction, by the end of 1189. PROPERTY: Granted the county of Cornwall {, Cornwall, England}, with all rights of jurisdiction, by the end of 1189. PROPERTY: His brother, King Richard I, granted him the county of Mortain, in 1195. PROPERTY: His brother, King Richard I, granted him the honour of Eye, in 1195. INFAMY: Broke his promise not to enter England during his brother Richard's absence (Richard was on crusade). During Richard's imprisonment in Germany, he attempted unsuccessfully to seize control of England. INFAMY: When king he did the following - attempted to restore his finances for further warfare in France by determined taxation and exploitation of his feudal prerogatives (later the basis for the charge of tyranny). Went to Ireland, where he took Carrickfergus, seized the lands of the Lacys and banished the Earl of Ulster, built several fortresses, appointed sheriffs and other officers to carry out the English system of law, and coined new money. Arrested all the Jews in England, and made them pay 66,000 marks. Made an expedition to North Wales, compelled the submission of Llywelyn, and raised fortresses. PUNISHMENT: When his brother, Richard I, King of England, returned in 1193, John was deprived of his English lands and excommunicated for his attempts to seize control of England during his brother Richard's imprisonment in Germany; Richard and John were reconciled by the mediation of their mother, May 1193. PUNISHMENT: Limitations of Power> An alliance of barons launched a rebellion which was successful in forcing John to agree to a comprehensive and humiliating agreement at Runnymede called the 'Magna Carta' [Great Charter], which defined the rights of the Church, barons, and the people, 19 Jun 1215. John soon repudiated the charter, and claimed he acted under duress. Civil War ensued, but John died suddenly on 19 Oct 1216. DEATH: Place> Bishop of Lincoln's Castle, Newark {Newark, Nottinghamshire, England}. Married 29 Aug 1189 Marlborough, Wiltshire, England to:  Isabel, Countess of GloucesterDied 14 Oct 1217, bur. Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England KINSHIP: Youngest of 3 daughters and coheiresses. TITLES: Countess of Gloucester. PROPERTY: Lady of Glamorgan. PUNISHMENT: Imprisoned> After King John divorced her, she was subsequently kept a state prisoner until 1214. BURIAL: Place> Canterbury Cathedral Church. CONDITION: sp> Died without issue. MARRIAGE: Place> Marlborough, Wiltshire {Marlborough, Wiltshire, England}. STATUS: 1st marriage for husband; 1st marriage for wife. STATUS: Divorced> After 10 years with no children John sought an annulment on the grounds of consanguinity. CONDITION: No issue of this marriage. | |||
| 2nd marriage John Lackland, King of England, son of Henry II (Curt Mantel), King of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine.Married 24 Aug 1200 Bordeaux, Gironde, France (16 years married) to: Isabel of Angoulême, Queen of England, daughter of Aymar Taillefer, Count of Angoulême and Alice of Courtenay.Born between 1188-1189 Angoulême, Charente, France, died Jun 1246 Fontevrault-l'Abbaye, Maine-et-Loire, France KINSHIP: Daughter and heiress. TITLES: 1st Marriage> Queen of England, crowned 8 Oct 1200. TITLES: 2nd Marriage> Countess of La Marche and Angoulême. POLITICS: In 1224 King Louis VIII promised Isabel, late Queen of England, 2000 lives Parisis annually in return for her dower lands forfeit in England, and the annual revenues of Langeais near Tours in exchange for rights that she claimed as dower at Saumur in Anjou. In 1230, she and her husband, Hugues, entered into alliance with King Louis IX of France, who granted Isabel an annual pension of 5000 livres Tours in return for resignation of her dower rights she claimed in England, Normandy, and Anjou. In 1242 she and her husband, Hugues, rebelled against the French. In return for a pardon from King Louis IX, they were forced to relinquish the pensions paid to them since 1224 and to abandon their claim to Saintes. Isabel was subsequently implicated in a plot to poison King Louis IX and his brother, Alphonse, Count of Poitiers. TRAVELS: Returned to France, 1217. RESIDENCE: Angoulême {Angoulême, Charente, France}. DEATH: Date Conflict> Listed as "31 May 1246" in ''Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists', 7th ed. p. 3 line 1:26; listed as "3 or 4 Jun 1246" in ''Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists', 7th ed. p. 106 line 117:27, p. 134 line 153:28. listed as "4 Jun 1246" in 'Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families', p. 10 PLANTAGENET:3. BURIAL: Reinterment> Originally buried in the common Graveyard of the Abbey, but in 1254, at the request of her son, King Henry III, her remains were moved to the choir of the Abbey Church. Children: | |||
1) Henry III, King of EnglandBorn 1 Oct 1207 Winchester Castle, Winchester, Hampshire, England, died 16 Nov 1272 Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, England , 65 years, bur. Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England KINSHIP: Son and heir. MILITARY: Battles and Wars> He and his eldest son Edward, were captured by Simon de MONTFORT, Earl of Leicester, at the battle of Lewes, in Sussex, 14 May 1264. TITLES: Succeeded father, in 1216, as King of England, crowned at Gloucester on 28 Oct 1216 and again at Westminster on 17 May 1220, reigned 1216-1272. PROPERTY: Released all his right in the city of Angoulême {Angoulême, Charente, France}, to his mother and step-father, 1226. PROPERTY: Released all his right to the county of Angoulême {, Angoulême, France}, to his mother and step-father, 1226. PROPERTY: Released all his right to the city of Saintonge - {unable to locate a city of Saintonge, only an ancient province of Saintonge - , Saintonge, France}, to his mother and step-father, 1226. PROPERTY: Released all his right to the castle of Cognac {Cognac Castle, Cognac, Charente, France}, to his mother and step-father, 1226. PROPERTY: Released all his right to the castle of Merpins {Merpins Castle, Merpins, Charente, France}, to his mother and step-father, 1226. PROPERTY: Gave up his claim to Normandy and other hereditary possessions of the crown in France, in return for some territories in Gascony which had been lost, 1259. [7] | |||
2) Richard of England, King of the Holy Roman EmpireBorn 5 Jan 1209, died Apr 1272 Berkhamsted Castle, Great Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England, 63 years, bur. Hailes Abbey, Hailes, Gloucestershire, England KINSHIP: 2nd son. MILITARY: Took the Cross, 1236; Commander in Chief of the Crusaders, 1240-1241, when he entered into a truce with the Soldan of Babylon. CHURCH: Property> Founded Hailes Abbey, co. Gloucester {Hailes Abbey, Gloucestershire, England}, 1251. CHURCH: Property> Founded Rewley Abbey, Oxon {Rewley Abbey, Oxfordshire, England}. OFFICE: Constable of Wallingford Castle, 1216. OFFICE: Lieutenant of Guienne, 1226-1227. OFFICE: Chief Commissioner for making a truce with France, 1230. OFFICE: Keeper of the Honour of Wallingford, 1230-1231; of the Honour of Knaresborough, 1235. OFFICE: Lord of the forest of Dartmoor, 1239. OFFICE: [P.C.] Privy Councillor, 1253. OFFICE: Joint Guardian of England, 1253-1254. ASSIGNMENTS: On an Embassy to the Emperor Friedrich, 1237. ASSIGNMENTS: Joint Plenipotentiary to France. ASSIGNMENTS: Ambassador to Pope Innocent IV, 1250; to Pope Alexander IV, 1259. HONORS: Knighted, 1224/1225. TITLES: Birthright> Prince of England. TITLES: Assumed to have become Earl of Cornwall in or shortly before 1227. TITLES: Count of Poitou, before 18 Aug 1225. TITLES: Elected by the Princes of the Empire, King of the Holy Roman Empire, 13 Jan 1256/1257; crowned at Aachen, 17 May 1257; soon dispossessed and returned to England. PROPERTY: Granted the county of Cornwall, , 1224/1225. POLITICS: Faithful adherent of the King, his brother, against the rebellious Barons, and both were taken prisoners at the battle of Lewes, 14 May 1264. FINANCES: Acquired vast estates and great wealth by farming the Mint, the Jews, etc. DEATH: Cause> Bled for Ague DEATH: Date> 2 or 3 Apr 1272. MONUMENTAL INSCRIPTION: A noble "pyamis" was erected over him at Hailes, by his widow, but has naturally long perished; tiles, however, bearing the eagle of his arms, and others bearing the "paly" coat of his 2nd wife, have been found in the Abbey: see 'The Complete Peerage', vol. 3 p. 431-432 fn. g. | |||
3) Isabel of EnglandBorn 1214 Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England, died 1 Dec 1241 Foggia, Foggia, Apulia, Italy, -974 or -973 years, bur. Andria Cathedral, Andria, Bari, Apulia, Italy TITLES: Birthright> Princess of England. DEATH: Cause> Childbirth. Married: Friedrich II, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, b. 26 Dec 1194, Iesi, Ancona, Marches, Italy | |||
4) Eleanor of England, Countess of PembrokeBorn 1215 Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England, died 13 Apr 1275 Montargis Abbey, Montargis, Loiret, France, -941 or -940 years AKA: Eleanor "Plantagenet" KINSHIP: Younger daughrer. CHURCH: Retired to the nunnery of Montargis in France after death of 1st husband, but eventually remarried. TITLES: Birthright> Princess of England. | |||
5) Joane of EnglandBorn 22 Jul 1210 Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England, died 4 Mar 1237-1238 York, Yorkshire, England, 27 or 28 years, bur. Tarrant Keynston, Dorset, England TITLES: Birthright> Princess of England. DEATH: Date Conflict> Listed as "5 Mar 1238" in 'Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-Century Colonists', 2nd ed. p. 280 PLANTAGENET:16.iii; listed as "4 Mar 1237/1238" in 'Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families', p. 11 PLANTAGENET:3.iii. DEATH: Place Conflict> Listed as "London" in 'Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-Century Colonists', 2nd ed. p. 280 PLANTAGENET:16.iii; listed as "York, Yorkshire" in 'Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families', p. 11 PLANTAGENET:3.iii. BURIAL: Place Conflict> Listed as "Tarrant Crawford, Dorset" in 'Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-Century Colonists', 2nd ed. p. 280 PLANTAGENET:16.iii; listed as "Tarrant Keynstan, Dorset" in 'Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families', p. 11 PLANTAGENET:3.iii. | |||